What does Gillick competency refer to?

Gillick competency is a crucial concept in healthcare concerning minors and their ability to consent to medical treatment. It refers specifically to the ability of a minor, typically under the age of 16, to make informed decisions about their medical care without the need for parental consent. This principle recognizes that certain minors may possess the maturity and understanding necessary to comprehend the implications of their medical treatment, thus empowering them to consent independently.

This competency assesses a minor's cognitive and emotional understanding of the treatment proposed, allowing healthcare providers to respect the autonomy of capable young individuals. The key aspect of Gillick competency is that it focuses on the individual's level of maturity rather than their age alone, which marks a significant development in the approach to consent and minors in healthcare.

In contexts where young patients exhibit sufficient understanding to make informed choices about their health, the principle emphasizes their rights and acknowledges that competent minors can engage in medical decisions that best serve their interests. This is particularly pertinent in scenarios related to sensitive health issues, such as sexual health and mental health, where the minor may feel more comfortable discussing matters without parental involvement.